Canada is home to a good number of frogs and toads from several different families. Check out the links to find what frogs and toads live in each province.
Category: Frogs by Country
Frogs and Toads of Quebec, Canada
Frogs and Toads of Quebec, Canada
Frogs
True Frog Family – Ranidae
The Mink Frog does not have a dorsal ridge or barely has one. Its back is spotted or marbled.
American Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
The American Bullfrog is the largest frog in the country. It does not have a dorsal ridge.
The Green Frog’s dorsal ridge is incomplete but runs most of the way down its back.
Northern Leopard Frog (Rana pipiens)
The Northern Leopard Frog has circular spots over its body while the Pickeral Frog has more square like dots.
The Wood Frog has a dark mask around its face.
Tree Frog Family – Hylidae
The Northern Cricket Frog has rougher, drier skin than the other tree frogs. Usually has a line down its back.
The Eastern Gray Tree Frog is the largest frog in the state. It has yellow coloration on its inner rear legs.
The Spring Peeper is known for the X shaped marking on its back and its loud call that can be heard at the beginning of spring.
Boreal Chorus Frog has three distinct stripes down its back that can be broken. It is found along the southern border with the US.
Toads
True Toad Family – Bufonidae
American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
The American Toad’s cranial crests do not touch its paratoid gland or is connected by a spur.
The Fowler’s Toad’s cranial crest does touch its paratoid gland. The belly of the Fowler’s Toad is white while the American Toad’s belly is speckled.
Frogs and Toads of New Brunswick, Canada
Frogs and Toads of New Brunswick, Canada
Frogs
True Frog Family – Ranidae
Green Frog (Rana clamitans)
The Green Frog’s dorsal ridge is incomplete but runs most of the way down its back.
The Mink Frog does not have a dorsal ridge or its barely present.
The Northern Leopard Frog has circular spots over its body while the Pickeral Frog has more square like dots.
The Wood Frog has a dark mask around its face.
Tree Frog Family – Hylidae
The Eastern Gray Tree Frog has yellow coloration on its hind legs. Its the largest frog tree frog in the province.
The Spring Peeper has an X shape marked on its back. Its call is one of the first signs of spring.
Toads
True Toad Family – Bufonidae
The American Toad is the only toad in the whole province.
Frogs and Toads of Ontario, Canada
Frogs and Toads of Ontario, Canada
Frogs
True Frog Family – Ranidae
American Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
The American Bullfrog is the largest frog in the country. It does not have a dorsal ridge.
The Green Frog’s dorsal ridge is incomplete but runs most of the way down its back.
The Mink Frog lacks a dorsal ridge or barely has one. Its marbled or speckled on its back.
Northern Leopard Frog (Rana pipiens)
The Northern Leopard Frog has circular spots over its body while the Pickeral Frog has more square like dots.
The Wood Frog has a dark mask around its face.
Tree Frog Family – Hylidae
The Eastern Gray Tree Frog does not have any distinct markings on its body. It has yellowish orange on its hind legs and is the largest tree frog in the province.
The Spring Peeper has an X shape marking on its back.
The Boreal Chorus Frog has three lines down its back.
Toads
True Toad Family – Bufonidae
American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
The American Toad is the only toad in the whole province.
Frogs and Toads of Nova Scotia, Canada
Frogs and Toads of Nova Scotia, Canada
Frogs
True Frog Family – Ranidae
Green Frog (Lithobates clamitans)
The Green Frog’s dorsal ridge is incomplete but runs most of the way down its back.
American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus)
The American Bullfrog is the largest frog in the country. It does not have a dorsal ridge.
Northern Leopard Frog (Lithobates pipiens)
The Northern Leopard Frog has circular spots over its body while the Pickeral Frog has more square like dots.
Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus)
The Wood Frog has a dark mask around its face.
Tree Frog Family – Hylidae
The Spring Peeper is the only tree frog in the province. They have a X shape mark on their back.
Toad
True Toad Family – Bufonidae
American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
The American Toad is the only toad in the whole province. They have drier, wartier skin than all the frogs.
Frogs and Toads of Prince Edward Island, Canada
Frogs and Toads of Prince Edward Island, Canada
There aren’t many frogs or toads here but here they are.
Frogs
True Frog Family – Ranidae
All the frogs in the province are from the true frog family – Ranidae.
The Green Frog has an incomplete dorsal ridge that runs nearly the length of its back.
The Northern Leopard Frog has a complete dorsal ridge and large, well defined spots.
The Wood Frog is known for the dark mask around its eyes.
Toads
True Toad Family – Bufonidae
There is only one toad in the province and its a member of the true toad family – Bufonidae.
American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
The American Toad is the only toad in the whole province. It can produce a toxin called Bufotoxin which can be poisonous to humans and other animals. You and your pets should avoid eating it
Frogs and Toads of Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, Canada
Frogs and Toads of Yukon, Canada
Common Name: Western Toad
Scientific Name: Anaxyrus boreas
Location: Southeastern edge
Breeding Season:
The Western Toad is the only toad in the territory.
Common Name: Wood Frog
Scientific Name: Rana sylvatica
Location:
Breeding Season:
The Wood Frog is found farther north than most of the other frogs and toads in the territory. They have a dark mask around their face.
Common Name: Columbia Spotted Frog
Scientific Name: Rana luteiventris
Location: Southern part
Breeding Season:
The Columbia Spotted Frog has small spots that are lighter on the inside.
Common Name: Boreal Chorus Frog
Scientific Name: Pseudacris maculata
Location: Southern edge
Breeding Season:
Here’s a video of their call
Frogs and Toads of Northwest Territories, Canada
American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
Common Name: American Toad
Scientific Name: Anaxyrus americanus
Location: Southern part
Breeding Season:
The American Toad is the only toad in the territory.
Common Name: Boreal Chorus Frog
Scientific Name: Pseudacris maculata
Location:
Breeding Season:
The Boreal Chorus Frog is the only tree frog in the Northwest territories. It has three stripes that run down its back. Here’s a video of their call.
Common Name: Wood Frog
Scientific Name: Rana sylvatica
Location:
Breeding Season:
The Wood Frog is the only true frog in the Northwest territory. Its found along the southern and western edge of the territory.
Frogs and Toads of Nunavut, Canada
American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus)
Common Name: American Toad
Scientific Name: Anaxyrus americanus
Location: Southern edge
Breeding Season:
The American Toad is the only toad in the territory.
Common Name: Wood Frog
Scientific Name: Rana sylvatica
Location: Southern edge
Breeding Season:
The Wood Frog is the only frog in the territory.
Frogs and Toads of Saskatchewan, Canada
Frogs and Toads of Saskatchewan, Canada
Frog
True Frog family – Ranidae
The Wood Frog has a mask around its eyes. The colors of the wood frog varies from brown, silver, and red.
The Northern Leopard Frog has large black, defined spots all over its body. It is found throughout the province.
Tree Frog family – Hylidae
The Boreal Chorus Frog is the only tree frog in the province . It has three lines that run down its back.
Toad
True Toad family – Bufonidae
The American Toad cranial crest forms opposing L shapes. It is found throughout the province.
The Great Plains Toad’s cranial crest forms a V shape. It is found in the southwestern part of the province .
Spadefoot Toad family – Scaphiopodidae
The Plains Spadefoot toad is the only spadefoot toad in the province . Look at the rear foot of the toad and you will find a keratinized spade on it which no other toad or frog in the province has.
Frogs and Toads of Ireland
Frogs and Toads of Ireland
Ireland only has one frog species and one toad species, making it a pretty crappy place to go froggin.
The Natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita) is the only toad species native to Ireland. The Natterjack toad is listed as endangered in Ireland but with the help of conservationists, they are making a come back.
European Common Brown Frog (Rana temporaria) is the only frog species native to Ireland. It can sometimes be confused with toads because of their brown color but the European Common Brown Frog doesn’t have dry, warty skin.